World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 3D - Building Area - Global, 90m

The World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 3D provides detailed quantification of the average height, total volume, total area and the fraction of buildings at 90 m resolution at a global scale.

It is generated using a modified version of the World Settlement Footprint human settlements mask derived from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in combination with digital elevation data and radar imagery collected by the TanDEM-X mission.

The framework includes three basic workflows: i) the estimation of the mean building height based on an analysis of height differences along potential building edges, ii) the determination of building fraction and total building area within each 90 m cell, and iii) the combination of the height information and building area in order to determine the average height and total built-up volume at 90 m gridding.

In addition, global height information on skyscrapers and high-rise buildings provided by the Emporis database is integrated into the processing framework, to improve the WSF 3D Building Height and subsequently the Building Volume Layer.

A comprehensive validation campaign has been performed to assess the accuracy of the dataset quantitatively by using VHR 3D building models from 19 globally distributed regions (~86,000 km2) as reference data.

The WSF 3D standard layers are provided in the format of Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW)-compressed GeoTiff files, with each file - or image tile - covering an area of 1 x 1 ° geographical lat/lon at a geometric resolution of 2.8 arcsec (~ 90 m at the equator). Following the system established by the TDX-DEM mission, the latitude resolution is decreased in multiple steps when moving towards the poles to compensate for the reduced circumference of the Earth.

Date (Creation): 2023-02-15T00:00:00

Edition: 2.0

Citation identifier: https://geoservice.dlr.de/catalogue/srv/metadata/4208a63e-228b-4601-b4d9-a2b345fd1027

Presentation form: Digital map

Purpose: The World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 3D provides detailed quantification of the average height, total volume, total area and the fraction of buildings at 90 m resolution at a global scale.

Status: Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
German Aerospace Center (DLR)	EOC Geoservice	geoservice@dlr.de	Point of contact
German Aerospace Center (DLR)	Thomas Esch	Thomas.Esch@dlr.de	Author
DLR/EOC Land Surface Dynamics	WSF Team	wsf@dlr.de	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency: As needed

Keywords

opendata
DLR
EOC
building height
building density
building volume
urbanization
3D
global
Sentinel-1
Sentinel-2
TanDEM-X
inspireidentifiziert

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

Land cover

Use limitation: Nutzungseinschränkungen: Das DLR ist nicht haftbar für Schäden, die sich aus der Nutzung ergeben. / Use Limitations: DLR not liable for damage resulting from use.

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Es gelten keine Zugriffsbeschränkungen.

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Nutzungsbedingungen: Lizenz, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 / terms of use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Other constraints: {"id": "cc-by/4.0",

"name": "Creative Commons Namensnennung - 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",

"url": " http://dcat-ap.de/def/licenses/cc-by/4.0",

"quelle": "Copyright DLR (year of production)"}

Spatial representation type: Grid

Denominator: 180000

Language: English

Character set: UTF8

Topic category

Imagery base maps earth cover

Begin date: 2012-01-01T00:00:00

End date: 2019-12-31T23:59:00

Unique resource identifier: EPSG:4326

Number of dimensions: 2

Dimension name: Column

Dimension size: 462862

Resolution: 90 m

Dimension name: Row

Dimension size: 180001

Resolution: 90 m

Cell geometry: Area

Transformation parameter availability: No

Distribution format

Name	Version
Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
OGC:WMS	https://geoservice.dlr.de/eoc/land/wms?	WSF3D_V02_BUILDINGAREA
OGC:WMS-http-get-capabilities	https://geoservice.dlr.de/eoc/land/wms?SERVICE=WMS%26REQUEST=GetCapabilities
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link	https://geoservice.dlr.de/web/maps/eoc:wsf3d	EOC Geoservice Map Context
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link	https://download.geoservice.dlr.de/WSF3D/files/	EOC Download Service
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link	https://www.dlr.de/content/de/artikel/news/2022/02/20220510_dlr-daten-zeigen-wo-menschen-durch-naturkatastrophen-bedroht-sind.html	DLR News

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Domain consistency

Measure identification: INSPIRE / Conformity_001

Conformance result

Title: VERORDNUNG (EG) Nr. 1089/2010 DER KOMMISSION vom 23. November 2010 zur Durchführung der Richtlinie 2007/2/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates hinsichtlich der Interoperabilität von Geodatensätzen und -diensten

Date (Publication): 2010-12-08

Explanation: See the referenced specification

Pass: Yes

Statement: The World Settlement Footprint 3D human settlements mask derived from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in combination with digital elevation data and radar imagery collected by the TanDEM-X mission.

Description: World Settlement Footprint 3D - Building Area Processing:

Data:

Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery at 10 m spatial resolution is used to generate the World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 2019. This layer is supplemented with information on the percent impervious (IMP) surface and serves as a human settlement mask.

The 12 m TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Model and the underlying 3 m Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) amplitude images give information on the vertical structuring within the built-up area.

Processing:

The estimation of the building coverage per 90 m grid cell is mainly based on the WSF-IMP layer. In this layer, streets are already masked out. Additionally, the layer is corrected by a masking operation in which surfaces, such as courtyards, driveways, and vegetation are masked out based on radar backscattering characteristics and information on the imperviousness.

Quality Assurance:

A comprehensive validation campaign has been undertaken based on 3D building models obtained for 19 regions worldwide (~86,000 km2) and street-view samples indicating the number of floors for >130,000 individual buildings in 15 additional cities.

Metadata

File identifier: 4208a63e-228b-4601-b4d9-a2b345fd1027 XML

Metadata language: English

Character set: UTF8

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Hierarchy level name: Dataset

Date stamp: 2024-06-20T13:06:57

Metadata standard name: 19115-1:2014/19139

Metadata standard version: 2003/Cor.1:2006

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
German Aerospace Center(DLR)		geoservice@dlr.de	Point of contact

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