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        <gco:CharacterString>Cette couche de données INSPIRE reprend les teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols agricoles du territoire wallon pour la période 2015-2019.

Cette donnée conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donnée source CARBIOSOL - Teneurs prédites en Carbone organique total - période 2015-2019.

La qualité d'un sol peut être évaluée grâce à l’étude de divers paramètres physiques, chimiques ou  biologiques. Parmi ces paramètres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la matière organique du sol, est généralement considéré comme l'indicateur principal de la qualité des sols, à la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.

La présente couche de données constitue la cartographie des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total (COT) pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en Région wallonne pour une période comprise entre 2015 et 2019. La couche a été créée par méthode de modélisation spatiale développée par l'UCLouvain dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL puis transmise à REQUASUD pour le traitement des données 2015-2019.

Pour plus de détails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques générées dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous référer à la fiche de métadonnées documentant la série de couches de données.

En chaque pixel, la teneur en Carbone Organique Total (COT) est exprimée en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine sèche (gC/kg). Le résultat en sortie du modèle est une couche raster des teneurs en COT à 90 mètres de résolution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.

Les teneurs moyennes en COT observées pour les sols (horizons de surface) sous cultures et prairies permanentes sur la période 2015-2019 étaient de 1.33 gC/kg et 3.67 gC/kg respectivement, d’après la base de données RéQuaSud. 

Sur cette même période, 3.6 % des superficies sous cultures présentaient des teneurs en COT &lt; 1 gC kg-1  et 79 % présentaient des teneurs &lt; 1.5 gC/kg. Le lecteur trouvera davantage d'explications au sein de la fiche de l'Etat de l'Environnement Wallon dédiée à la matière organique des sols basée sur les données de cette couche : http://etat.environnement.wallonie.be/contents/indicatorsheets/SOLS%202.html

Entre 2015 et 2019, les teneurs en COT des sols pour les deux occupations de sols tendent à augmenter du nord-ouest au sud-est, de la région sablo-limoneuse à la région ardennaise, et à rebaisser en région Jurassique.</gco:CharacterString>
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L’utilisation des géoservices est à privilégier. Les instructions pour obtenir une copie physique d’une donnée sont détaillées sur https://geoportail.wallonie.be/telecharger</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
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                <gmd:URL>https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap#PANIER=%5B%7B%22serviceId%22%3A%221%22%2C%22visible%22%3Atrue%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeoservices.wallonie.be%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FSOL_SOUS_SOL%2FCARBIOSOL%2FMapServer%2F3%22%2C%22label%22%3A%22CARBIOSOL%20-%20Teneurs%20pr%C3%A9dites%20en%20Carbone%20organique%20total%20-%20p%C3%A9riode%202015-2019%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22AGS_DYNAMIC%22%2C%22metadataUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeodata.wallonie.be%2Fdoc%2F7f867379-ebb2-4dbb-8d3d-7e6c9734b48d%22%7D%5D</gmd:URL>
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              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:applicationProfile>
                <gco:CharacterString>WalOnMap</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:applicationProfile>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie à la carte</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de découvrir les données géographiques de la Wallonie.</gco:CharacterString>
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          </gmd:onLine>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://geoservices.wallonie.be/geoserver/inspire_so/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetCapabilities</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>OGC:WMS</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS</gco:CharacterString>
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          </gmd:onLine>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>atom:feed</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de téléchargement</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Page de téléchargement des données</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Page à partir de laquelle vous avez accès au téléchargement direct de la donnée</gco:CharacterString>
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    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope>
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="http://standards.iso.org/iso/19115/resources/Codelists/cat/codelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset" />
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          <gmd:result>
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              <gmd:specification>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2010/1089">RÈGLEMENT (UE) N o 1089/2010 DE LA COMMISSION du 23 novembre 2010 portant modalités d'application de la directive 2007/2/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne l'interopérabilité des séries et des services de données géographiques</gmx:Anchor>
                  </gmd:title>
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                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2010-12-08</gco:Date>
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                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                <gco:Boolean>true</gco:Boolean>
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      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_DomainConsistency>
          <gmd:result>
            <gmd:DQ_ConformanceResult>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>INSPIRE Data Specification on Soil - Guidelines v 3.0.0</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gco:Date>2013-12-10</gco:Date>
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                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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      <gmd:lineage>
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            <gco:CharacterString>1. Cadre de conception de la couche de données

La présente couche de données repose sur une méthodologie de cartographie du Carbone Organique Total (COT) mise au point à l'échelle de la Wallonie dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL I et adaptée dans le cadre de CARBIOSOL II. Cette méthode a été développée par l'UCLouvain, l'ULiège et la DGARNE (SPW-DGO3).

2. Données de référence

Pour la période 2015-2019, les données d’entrée pour les cultures et prairies correspondent aux teneurs en COT mesurées par le réseau de laboratoires REQUASUD dans le cadre des analyses de terres effectuées à la demande des agriculteurs (Ref : Requasud - Licence 109/2016). Seules les données géoréférencées ont été prises en compte, car elles seules peuvent être utiles à la méthode de modélisation choisie. Le sol de chaque parcelle est prélevé selon un échantillonnage composite effectué sur l’horizon de surface sur l’ensemble de la parcelle diagnostiquée/testée. Pour plus de détails sur la base de données Sols de Requasud, veuillez vous reporter à la fiche correspondante. 

Les co-variables significatives pour expliquer la variance des teneurs en COT pour chaque occupation de sols étaient :
- pour les cultures : la teneur en argiles et limons fins, l'altitude, le C-factor (indicateur de couverture végétale), la longueur de flux, la teneur en limons et les données climatiques (2001-2006) ;
- pour les prairies : la teneur en argiles et limons fins, l'altitude, les apports de C par fumures et lisiers calculés par communes, la longueur de flux et les données climatiques (2001-2006) ;

3. Logiciels et méthode

La méthodologie et les outils utilisés dans le cadre de la constitution de la présente couche de données sont similaires pour toutes les variables relatives au carbone organique des sols étudiées dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL. Veuillez-vous référer à la fiche de métadonnées documentant la série de couches de données - part. Généalogie pour tous les détails sur le modèle mis en place.</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:source uuidref="0d9de746-b6c4-4147-a50d-25f02525fa01" xlink:href="https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/0d9de746-b6c4-4147-a50d-25f02525fa01/formatters/iso19139?output=xml" xlink:title="CARBIOSOL - Teneurs prédites en Carbone organique total - période 2015-2019" />
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    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
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</gmd:MD_Metadata>

